Logic and Scientific Cognition: Kyiv, Naukova Dumka, 1971, 155 p.

The book analyzes the phenomenon of scientific thinking as a consequence of transformations of human everyday thinking in the process of deepening our knowledge of reality. The author also provides a brief summary of the main ideas and methods of modern formal logic. The publication is intended for a wide range of readers.

Contents

P. V. Kopnin. Logic of science or science of logic? (Instead of a preface)

Science seeks reliable strongholds

Let’s try to imagine

What we will not see

Is there hope in mathematics?

"The crisis of obviousness"

Can we still rely on "Common Sense"?

The main ideas and methods of modern formal logic

The idea of "Logical calculus"

Propositional calculus

Axiomatic constructions of propositional calculus

Logistic systems and their properties

Predicate calculus

Axiomatic construction of predicate Calculus and Its Properties

Pure and applied predicate calculi

One logic or many logics?

Logic and infinity

Logic for the infinite?

The universality of logic

Dialectics and the demand for consistency

The structure of language and the structure of the world

Logical paradoxes and the "Riddles of the Universe"

Name, object, property, relation in logic

The "Nominalist" and "Realist" conception of Truth

Beyond theoretical logic

Freedom and Necessity in scientific knowledge

Definitions and conventions

Freedom, choice, responsibility, necessity

The objective meaning of symmetry operations

The conceptual framework of scientific theory

Thought as an image of reality

What does it mean to "Understand"?

Idea and theory

The conceptual framework of theory